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Choosing a Generator: Which Size Is Right?
07/04/09
Portable generators are available for power outages as well as campsite or
jobsite use.
Permanently mounted stand-by generators provide automatic power when the regular
power supply is interrupted. Powered by natural gas, they can power selected
circuits within a few seconds of a power failure. These are wise investments
for areas that may experience frequent power outages.
Depending on their wattage output, generators will run anything from a small
lamp to a number of large appliances. To determine the size generator you will
need, total the wattage of the maximum number of items you will be running simultaneously.
For items with start up ratings higher than their run ratings, use the higher
rating to determine your power requirements.
Inductive load appliances and tools such as refrigerators, washers, and power
tools require additional wattage for starting the equipment. The initial load
only lasts for a few seconds on startup but is very important when calculating
your total wattage.
Permanent generator.
Permanent stand-by generator.
For example: running a 100 watt light bulb, a 200 watt slow cooker, a 1,200
watt refrigerator with a start up wattage of 2,900 watts and a 750 watt TV would
require 3,950 watts.
Portable generators come with two kinds of engines:
* Side valve (SV) lawn mower type engines are designed for short duty jobs.
* For long term or industrial applications, the overhead valve engine is the
longest running engine available.
Generator Safety Tips
* Never exceed the rated capacity of a generator.
* Always start the largest electric appliance first, then plug in other items,
one at a time.
* Grounding the generator is recommended to help prevent accidental electrical
shock.
* Choose the appropriate extension cord for the tool or appliance. Larger
gauge, three-wire/three prong cords should be used when using an appliance or
tool at a considerable distance from the generator.
Safety Considerations from the United State's Consumer Product Safety Commission:
To avoid carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning:
* Never use a generator indoors or in attached garages.
* Only operate the generator outdoors in a well-ventilated, dry area, away
from air intakes to the home, and protected from direct exposure to rain and
snow, preferably under a canopy, open shed, or carport.
To avoid electrocution:
* Plug individual appliances into the generator using heavy duty, outdoor
rated cords with a wire gauge adequate for the appliance load.
* Observe the generator manufacturer's instructions for safe operation.
* Do not plug the generator into a wall outlet.
* If connecting the generator into the house wiring is necessary, have a qualified
electrician hook up the standby electrical system, or have the local utility
install a linking device if available. For more on installing such devices,
visit the Consumer Product Safety Commission Web site.
Never store gasoline in the home. Gasoline, kerosene and other flammable liquids
should be stored outside of living areas in properly labeled, non-glass safety
containers. They should also not be stored in a garage if a fuel-burning appliance
is in the garage. The vapor from gasoline can travel invisibly along the ground
and be ignited by pilot lights or arcs caused by activating electric switches.
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